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Guido Cavalcanti
Guido Cavalcanti (between 1250 and 1259 – August 1300〔Sources are divided between 27, 28 and 29 August.〕) was an Italian poet and troubadour, as well as an intellectual influence on his best friend, Dante Alighieri.〔http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/100502/Guido-Cavalcanti〕
==Historical background==
Cavalcanti was born in Florence at a time when the comune was beginning its economic, political, intellectual and artistic ascendancy as one of the leading cities of the Renaissance. The disunited Italian peninsula was dominated by a political particularism that pitted city-states against one another, often with this factionalism contributing to the fractious and sometimes violent political environments of each ''comune''. The domination of medieval religious interpretations of reality, morality and society were challenged by a rise of a new urban culture across Europe that gradually supplanted rural, local, ecclesiastical and feudal ways of thinking. There was an accompanying return to study, and to interpretation and emulation of the classics, known as a revival of antiquity. New secular and humanistic views laid the foundations for modern life in Western Civilization. As Jacob Burckhardt, Swiss historian and author of The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy wrote, "It was not the revival of antiquity alone, but its union with the genius of the Italian people which achieved the conquest of the western world." In sum, Cavalcanti lived during and helped shape this time of great innovation that was spurred on by a desire to explore, create and experiment with new things.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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